An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations
by Adam Smith
INTRODUCTION AND PLAN OF THE WORK
PREFACE

BOOK I: Of the Causes of Improvement in the productive Powers of Labour, and of the Order according to which its Produce is naturally distributed among the different Ranks of the People.
Chapter I: OF THE DIVISION OF LABOUR
Chapter II: OF THE PRINCIPLE WHICH GIVES OCCASION TO THE DIVISION OF LABOUR
Chapter III: THAT THE DIVISION OF LABOUR IS LIMITED BY THE EXTENT OF THE MARKET
Chapter IV: OF THE ORIGIN AND USE OF MONEY
Chapter V: OF THE REAL AND NOMINAL PRICE OF COMMODITIES, OR OF THEIR PRICE IN LABOUR, AND THEIR PRICE IN MONEY
Chapter VI: OF THE COMPONENT PARTS OF THE PRICE OF COMMODITIES
Chapter VII: OF THE NATURAL AND MARKET PRICE OF COMMODITIES
Chapter VIII: OF THE WAGES OF LABOUR
Chapter IX: OF THE PROFITS OF STOCK
Chapter X: OF WAGES AND PROFIT IN THE DIFFERENT EMPLOYMENTS OF LABOUR AND STOCK
Chapter X, Part I: Inequalities arising from the Nature of the Employments themselves
Chapter X, Part II: Inequalities occasioned by the Policy of Europe
Chapter XI: OF THE RENT OF LAND
Chapter XI, Part I: Of the Produce of Land which always affords Rent
Chapter XI, Part II: Of the Produce of Land which sometimes does, and sometimes does not, afford Rent
Chapter XI, Part III: Of the Variations in the Proportion between the respective Values of that Sort of Produce which always affords Rent, and of that which sometimes does and sometimes does not afford Rent
Chapter XI, Digression concerning the Variations in the Value of Silver during the Course of the Four last Centuries
Chapter XI, Digression concerning the Variations in the Value of Silver during the Course of the Four last Centuries, First Period
Chapter XI, Digression concerning the Variations in the Value of Silver during the Course of the Four last Centuries, Second Period
Chapter XI, Digression concerning the Variations in the Value of Silver during the Course of the Four last Centuries, Third Period
Chapter XI, Variations in the Proportion between the respective Values of Gold and Silver
Chapter XI, Grounds of the Suspicion that the Value of Silver still continues to decrease
Chapter XI, Different Effects of the Progress of Improvement upon three different Sorts of rude Produce
Chapter XI, Different Effects of the Progress of Improvement upon three different Sorts of rude Produce, First Sort
Chapter XI, Different Effects of the Progress of Improvement upon three different Sorts of rude Produce, Second Sort
Chapter XI, Conclusion of the Digression concerning the Variations in the Value of Silver
Chapter XI, Effects of the Progress of Improvement upon the real Price of Manufactures
Chapter XI, Conclusion of the Chapter

BOOK II: Of the Nature, Accumulation, and Employment of Stock
INTRODUCTION
Chapter I: OF THE DIVISION OF STOCK
Chapter II: OF MONEY CONSIDERED AS A PARTICULAR BRANCH OF THE GENERAL STOCK OF THE SOCIETY, OR OF THE EXPENCE OF MAINTAINING THE NATIONAL CAPITAL
Chapter III: OF THE ACCUMULATION OF CAPITAL, OR OF PRODUCTIVE AND UNPRODUCTIVE LABOUR
Chapter IV: OF STOCK LENT AT INTEREST
Chapter V: OF THE DIFFERENT EMPLOYMENT OF CAPITALS

BOOK III: Of the different Progress of Opulence in different Nations
Chapter I: OF THE NATURAL PROGRESS OF OPULENCE
Chapter II: OF THE DISCOURAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN THE ANCIENT STATE OF EUROPE AFTER THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE
Chapter III: OF THE RISE AND PROGRESS OF CITIES AND TOWNS, AFTER THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE
Chapter IV: HOW THE COMMERCE OF THE TOWNS CONTRIBUTED TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE COUNTRY

BOOK IV: Of Systems of political Œconomy
INTRODUCTION
Chapter I: OF THE PRINCIPLE OF THE COMMERCIAL OR MERCANTILE SYSTEM
Chapter II: OF RESTRAINTS UPON THE IMPORTATION FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES OF SUCH GOODS AS CAN BE PRODUCED AT HOME
Chapter III: OF THE EXTRAORDINARY RESTRAINTS UPON THE IMPORTATION OF GOODS OF ALMOST ALL KINDS, FROM THOSE COUNTRIES WITH WHICH THE BALANCE IS SUPPOSED TO BE DISADVANTAGEOUS
Chapter III, Part I: Of the Unreasonableness of those Restraints even upon the Principles of the Commercial System
Chapter III, Digression concerning Banks of Deposit, particularly concerning that of Amsterdam
Chapter III, Part II: Of the Unreasonableness of those extraordinary Restraints upon other Principles
Chapter IV: OF DRAWBACKS
Chapter V: OF BOUNTIES
Chapter V, Digression concerning the Corn Trade and Corn Laws
Chapter VI: OF TREATIES OF COMMERCE
Chapter VII: OF COLONIES
Chapter VII, Part I: Of the Motives for establishing new Colonies
Chapter VII, Part II: Causes of the Prosperity of new Colonies
Chapter VII, Part III: Of the Advantages which Europe has derived from the Discovery of America, and from that of a Passage to the East Indies by the Cape of Good Hope
Chapter VIII: CONCLUSION OF THE MERCANTILE SYSTEM1
Chapter IX: OF THE AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, OR OF THOSE SYSTEMS OF POLITICAL ŒCONOMY, WHICH REPRESENT THE PRODUCE OF LAND AS EITHER THE SOLE OR THE PRINCIPAL SOURCE OF THE REVENUE AND WEALTH OF EVERY COUNTRY

BOOK V: Of the Revenue of the Sovereign or Commonwealth
Chapter I: OF THE EXPENCES OF THE SOVEREIGN OR COMMONWEALTH
Chapter I, Part I: Of the Expence of Defence
Chapter I, Part II: Of the Expence of Justice
Chapter I, Part III: Of the Expence of public Works and public Institutions
Chapter I, Part III, Article I: Of the public Works and Institutions for facilitating the Commerce of the Society — And, first, of those which are necessary for facilitating Commerce in general
Chapter I, Part III, Article I: Of the Public Works and Institutions which are necessary for facilitating particular Branches of Commerce
Chapter I, Part III, Article II: Of the Expence of the Institutions for the Education of Youth
Chapter I, Part III, Article III: Of the Expence of the Institutions for the Instruction of People of all Ages
Chapter I, Part IV: Of the Expence of supporting the Dignity of the Sovereign
Chapter I, Conclusion
Chapter II: OF THE SOURCES OF THE GENERAL OR PUBLIC REVENUE OF THE SOCIETY
Chapter II, Part I: Of the Funds or Sources of Revenue which may peculiarly belong to the Sovereign or Commonwealth
Chapter II, Part II: Of Taxes
Chapter II, Part II, Article I: Taxes upon Rent. Taxes upon the Rent of Land
Chapter II, Part II, Article I: Taxes which are proportioned, not to the Rent, but to the Produce of Land
Chapter II, Part II, Article I: Taxes upon the Rent of Houses
Chapter II, Part II, Article II: Taxes upon profit, or upon the Revenue arising from Stock
Chapter II, Part II, Article II, Taxes upon the Profit of particular Employments
Chapter II, Part II, Appendix to Articles I and II — Taxes upon the capital Value of Land, Houses, and Stock
Chapter II, Part II, Article III: Taxes upon the Wages of Labour
Chapter II, Part II, Article IV: Taxes which, it is intended, should fall indifferently upon every different Species of Revenue
Chapter II, Part II, Article IV, Capitation Taxes
Chapter II, Part II, Article IV, Taxes upon consumable Commodities
Chapter III: OF PUBLIC DEBTS
Scientia pigeon est